Apparatus for cooling liquids



(No Model.)

0. d. HANPORD.

APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS.

No. 382,156. Patented May 1, 1888.

NrrE STATES CLARENCE 0.. HANFORD, OE MEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS.

APPARATUS FOR CUOLBNG LlQUlDS.

PECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 382,156, dated May 1,1888.

Application filed April 3, 1888. Serial No. 269,462. (No model.)Patented in England November 16, 1886, No.14,873, and in France March23,

v To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE O. HANFORD,

of Medford, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, hav-eiuvented an Improvement 5 in Apparatus for Cooling Liquids, (the samehaving been patented n England November 16, 1886, No. 14,873, an. inFrance March 23,

1887, No. 182,370,) of which the following dcscription, in connectionwith the accompany 1o iug drawings, is a specification, like letters onthe; drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to an apparatus for cooling liquids,which isespecially applicable in the manufacture of malt liquors-such as 5 beer,ale, &c., in which the liquid has to be cooled fron the boiling-point toabout-50 or 60 Fahrenheit before the final operations can be performedupon it. The invention consists in an apparatus for spraying underpressure the liquid to be cooled 0 tional details of one of the sprayingdevices;

" Fig. 5, a, sectional detail of a straining apparatus through which theliquid passes on its way to the spraying devices, and Fig. 6 anelevation of the pump for forcing the liquid.

The heated liquid to becooled is forced in the usual manner through apipe, a, Wliich,instead of discharging directly into the usual vat, b,is, as shown in this instance, carried to a point above the said vat andterminates inc. horizontal portion, a, which may be ten or fifteen feetlong, extending over the vat it, which is usually twenty or thirty feetin length and breadth. The room c,containiug the cooling-vatbfls usuallyin the top of the building,

5 and, as shown in this instance,is provided with aventilator,d,extending along the roof of the building above the vat b, and providedwith opensideswhich mayhave the usualinclined slats, shown, to permitthe external air to enter the ventilator and building, while exeludingrain or snow. The pipe qfis providcd Figure l is a sectional view of abuilding with a series of downwardly extending branches, 2, which maybeprovided with stopcocks or valves 8 and terminate in nozzles or sprayingdevices f, properly constructed to deliver the liquid in afinely-divided shower or spray, the said spray falling naturally andbeing collected by "the rat t.

The nozzles or spraying devices may be of any suit-able or usualcoustructioinbcing shown in this instance as consisting ofa hollowpiece, f, (see Fig. 3,) threaded at its upper end, or otherwise adaptedto be attached to the branch pipes e, and provided near its lower endwith lateral ports f through which theliquid passes into asleeve, fsurrounding the piece ff.and

provided with a'trausverse partition or diaphragm,f, having an opening,f. The inward or stationary piecef of thespraying de' vices is providedat its end with aoonical projeotiou,f, that enters the openingf in thepartition f 4 ol' the sleeve f and thus produces an annular orifice,through which the liquid passing through the portsf" into the sleeve mayescape.

The size of the annular orifice may be varied by changing the positionof the partition f with relation to the conef, and for this purpose thesleeve f 3 is made movable on the part f, and, as shown in thisinstance, is provided with a projection'or fiange,f, connected byadjusting devices or screwsf with the corresponding flange, f, on thepartf, so that the sleeve, and consequently the partition f, may beraised or lowered by the 'adjusting'sc-rews f with relation to theconef, thus varyingthe width of the annular space of the orifice betweenthe'conef and the edge of the openingf By this means a spray of anydesired fineness may be produced.

In order to prevent clogging of the spraying devices, the pipe at isprovided with a strainer, h, which may be made, as shown in Fig. 5, of acylinder, 6, having removable bonnets i'c' and a longitudinal partition,'2", composed of perforatedv or foraminous plates of various degreesoffineness. Theliquid enters the cylinder through the pipe a at one sideof the strainer partition t. and passes out at the other side, as shownby thearrows, thus having-to pass through the. partition 6 which removesall particles of suffieient size to clog or interfere with the properoperation of the spraying devices. The bonnets 2 on the inlet side ofthe partition 1'" may be provided with removable plugs 2, so that whenthe said plugs are removed a stream of water inay be directed. from ahose or 0th erwise into the upper opening and against the surface of theplate 17 to wash oif the sedimentary matter that may have collectedthere, carrying the same out through the opening in the lower bonnet.

The liquid that falls into the vat b may be taken therefrom by a pipe,in, and caused to drip or trickle over the usual cooling-pipes, it; butits temperature will have been so far reduced ltiyfalliug a spray intothe vatb that itwonh'l be unnecessary to use ice to cool the water-circulating through the cooling-pipes, as water at the ordinarytemperature taken from the street-main will be sufileicnt to cool theliquid to the desired temperature.

The natural circulation of air provided by the ventilator (1 will inmany cases be sufticient to cool the liquid the requisite amount; butitI may sometimes benceessary or desirable to ex pose the spray to lowertemperature than the natural temperature of the air. For this pnrposeanair-pipe,p, may be provided, shown as haviugsmall branchesp lending tothe spraying, devices and entering chambers 51 in the sleevesf, whichchan'ibers have fine outletpnssages n", tllrongh which the air mayescape into the liquid issuing around the said cone. Air undercompression is forced into the said pipe which will. by its expansion onissuing from the said orifices, absorb a large amount of heat, and thusgreatly increase the cooling effect on the spray of hot liquid.

The pump P (indicated in side elevation in Fig. 6) may have the rod ofits actuating piston connected with the piston or plungortlmtibrccs theliquid through the pipe u, and also connected with a piston or plungerthat operates the air-compressor P, by which compressed air is forcedthrough the pipe p, the said pipe being shown as having, a coil ineloscdin a chamber containing cold water for the pur 'mso of removing the heatfrom the air produced by compressing the-same, 3y this arrangement theliquid and compressed air for cooling; the same will be forcedsimultaneously by the same pumping-engine or forcing ap nlratus. Thepump will forcethe liquid with. snllicieut QIilSSlllG to cause it to bedelivered from the Spraying devices in the form of a line spray, mist,or vapor, which settles gently in the vat, and collects without foaming,although the collected liquor is thoroughly exposed to the air infalling, and thus aerated in addition to having its temperature lowered.

If one ofthe spraying devices f should be come clogged or fail tooperate properly, the corresponding valve, e, may be closed and thespraying device removed and another substi tuted without stopping theoperation of the remainder of the apparatus.

Thenrrangement of the spraying devices with relation to the valve andother parts may be varied according to the requirements of eachparticular case.

In some cases it might be desirable to'plaoe the pipe a at a lower leveland cause the spraying devices to throw the divided liquid upwardinstcadof downward, as shown inthis instance.

The process of cooling liquids herein set forth forms the subject of myapplication for patent, Serial No. 249,755, filed Septemberlzi, 1887,entitled Art of Making MaltLiquors.

I claim- 1. The combination of a liquid-forcing ap' paratus, and a pipeleading therefrom, with a series of spraying devices or atomizersconnected with said pipe and opening dircctlyinto the atmosphere, and anindependent or disconuected vat or collcctiugrcceptaele arranged belowsaid'sprayingdeviccs to receive the liquid therefrom after passing fromthe sprayiugdevice through the atmosphere, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a liquid-forcing ap puratus, a deliverypipc, a,connected therewith, a series of atomizors attached to saiddelivery-pipe and opening directlyinto the ati'nosphere, and a valveinterposed between each atomizer and the delivery-pipe, so as to admitof the individual detachment of each atomizer indn mnleutlyofull others,and an in dependent or disconnected vat arranged a suitable distanccbelow said atomizers, so that the spray from the atomizers will have topass some distance through the free atmosphere before being collected inthe vat,'substantially as described.

3. The con'ibiuation, substantially as shown and described, of aliquid-forcing apparatus, a delivorypipe leading therefrom, atomizersconnected to said pipe, 21 straining device interposed in said pipebetween the pump and thcatomizers, and a vat below said atomizers,substantially as described.

4. The combination of a forcing apparatus and delivery-pipe leadingtherefrom, and spraying devices communicating with the said pipe, with aventilator affording a natural current of air-through the spraydelivered from said spraying devices, and a vat below said spray ingdevices, substantially as described.

5. The combi nation, with a forcing apparatus and liquiddelivery pipeleading therefrom, and spraying, devices communicating with the saidpipe, of an air-compressor and deliverypipe provided with orificesadjacent to those of the spraying devices, substantially as de-'scribed.

In testimony whereof lhavesigned my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CLARENCE C. llANFQRD. Wit u asses:

.ios. i. luv rumour-2,

.Lls. J. MALounY.

